Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Transposition of Great Arteries (TGA) with Atrial Switch Procedure: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Author(s): Pierre-Alexandre Fontanges, Olivia Domanski, Francois Godart
Primary liver cancer is the seventh most frequently occurring cancer in the world [1]. Alcohol, steatosis and hepatotrophic viruses the main causes of liver fibrosis and known to have direct oncogenics effects. Steatosis is now the first cause in developed countries. Another less common mechanism of HCC is congestive liver disease as in Budd Chiari Syndrome [2] or Fontan procedure [3-5]. Non-pulsatile flow secondary to a Fontan procedure lead to a congestive and chronicle elevated central veins pressure resulting in Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) [5]. Incidence of liver fibrosis and HCC in other congenital heart diseases is not known while life expectancy has increased in this population.