Toxicity of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein from the Virus and Produced from COVID-19 mRNA or Adenoviral DNA Vaccines

Author(s): Jean-François Lesgards, Dominique Cerdan, Christian Perronne, Jean-Marc Sabatier, Xavier Azalbert, Elizabeth A. Rodgers, Peter A. McCullough

COVID-19 has already killed millions of people around the globe through severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection followed by immuno-inflammation processes induced by viral proteins in particular the Spike protein. COVID-19 vaccines in particular mRNA and DNA vaccines have been proposed and used worldwide but they have been recognized to be associated with or being the cause of various side effects. Generally mild but also more severe side effects have been observed such as thrombosis, myocarditis, hepatitis, neurological side effects, and menstruation perturbations which are accessible and described in official registries (Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS- CDC, EudraVigilance). The purpose of this article is to summarize and discuss immuno-inflammatory and other biochemical mechanisms that may be common to both COVID-19 pathology and vaccination side effects using mRNA and DNA technologies which induce the human body’s production of a close replica of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. We propose that the main inflammatory pathway may be the activation of the complement system (lectin and alternate pathways). Others key toxic pathways are the activation of [des-Arg9] -bradykinin (ACE2/bradykinin B1R/DABK axis), dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as well as the attenuation of the Mas receptor activity (ACE2/MasR axis). Also the crucial importance of oxidative stress associated to inflammatory processes has been largely underestimated. Altogether this review indicates tracks for additional research efforts to identify more efficient and precise anti-inflammatory/antioxidant treatments against both COVID-19 and COVID-19 vaccine side effects.