Acute Coronary Syndrome Profile in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Patients at A Tertiary Hospital in South India: A Retrospective 10-Year Study
Author(s): Silar Khan Mayana, Suresh V Patted, Sanjay C Porwal, Sameer Ambar, Prasad M, Vijay metgudmath, Vishwanath, Suhasini, Ramneek Mittal
Individuals with HIV are increasingly affected by non-communicable diseases such as coronary artery disease. 6.5-15% of mortality in this population is attributable to cardiovascular disease. The angiographic pattern of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with HIV is unknown Data from high-income countries show a different risk factor profile. However, such data is lacking in the Indian population. Therefore, we sought to describe the angiographic features and burden of CAD in patients with HIV compared to those without HIV infection.
Objective: To describe the angiographic features and burden of CAD in patients with HIV compared to those without HIV infection.
Methodology: We conducted a single centre retrospective case-control study of all patients presenting to KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belagavi, Karnataka, India, from January 2013 to January of 2023with ACS. KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital is the largest private teaching hospital in the northern Karnataka state of India.
Results: results: This is a retrospective, single-centre study comparing 76 patients with HIV infection who underwent coronary angiography between 2013 and 2023 with 100 control patients without HIV infection matched for age (±3 years), gender and BMI. Gensini score was used to assess the severity of the lesions in both groups. The median age for the populations was 50.8 years in the HIV group and 53.9 years in the non-HIV group. Patients with HIV were more likely to present with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), lower LDL levels and high Triglyceride levels. However, lesion severity was lesser compared to the non-HIV group. Conclusion:
Conclusions: While HIV+ patients were more likely to present with STEMI, angiographic analysis revealed less severe lesions. This suggests alterations in the genesis and progression of atherosclerosis in this clinical setting.